CITADEL PARK BARCELONA

The Parc de la Ciutadella (Catalan articulation: [ˈparɡ də ɫə siwtəˈðeʎə], "Fortification Park") is a recreation center on the northeastern edge of Ciutat Vella, Barcelona, Catalonia. For quite a long time following its creation in the mid-nineteenth century, this stop was the city's solitary green space. The 70-section of land (280,000 m2) grounds incorporate the city zoo (once home to the pale skinned person gorilla Snowflake, who passed on in 2004), the Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, a little lake, exhibition halls, and an extensive wellspring outlined by Josep Fontserè (with conceivable commitments by the youthful Antoni Gaudí).

Areas

Stronghold

In 1714, amid the War of the Spanish Succession, Barcelona was laid attack for 13 months by the armed force of Philip V of Spain. The city fell, and with a specific end goal to keep up control over it, and to keep the Catalans from revolting as they had in the earlier century, Philip V constructed the stronghold of Barcelona, around then the biggest post in Europe.

A generous piece of the region it was developed in (La Ribera) was annihilated to get the essential space, leaving its tenants destitute. The post was portrayed by having five corners, which gave the stronghold cautious power, and by a fairly wide encompassing edge, filling in as an area for the armed force's guns. It sufficiently included structures to house 8,000 individuals.

Many Catalans were compelled to take a shot at the development for a long time, while whatever remains of the city gave money related support to this and for fighting related costs too, with another assessment named el cadastre. After three decades a quarter was reconstructed around the post named Barceloneta, which is situated inside the area Ciutat Vella.

In 1841 the city's experts chosen to wreck the stronghold, which was detested by Barcelona's subjects. However after two years, in 1843, under the administration of Maria Cristina, the bastion was reestablished. In 1848, after Maria Cristina's abandonment and as the fortification lost its utilization, General Espartero leveled the vast majority of the structures inside the stronghold and its dividers by barraging it from the close-by mountain post-Montjuic, which helped him increase political prominence. By 1869, as the political atmosphere sufficiently changed to allow it, General Prim chose to turn over what was left of the fortification to the city and a few structures were devastated under Catalan requests, for it was seen as by the subjects as a much-abhorred image of the focal Spanish government.

The house of prayer (now the Military Parish Church of Barcelona), the Governor's royal residence (now Verdaguer Secondary School), and the arms stockpile (now home to the Catalan Parliament) stay, with whatever remains of the site being moved toward the contemporary stop by the modeler Josep Fontsére in 1872. After nineteen years, in 1888, Barcelona held the Exposición Universal de Barcelona spectacle, motivated by Mayor Rius I Taulet, and the recreation center was overhauled with the expansion of figures and other reciprocal gems. This denoted the finish of the old commonplace and unprogressive Barcelona and the foundation of an advanced cosmopolitan city. Starting there until 1892, half of the recreation center's design was upgraded again with a specific end goal to acquire adequate space for the zoo. The recreation center's bandstand, Glorieta de la Transsexual Sònia, is committed to a transsexual, Sonia Rescalvo Zafra, who was killed there on 6 October 1991 by conservative extremists.

Cascada

The Cascada (cascade or course in Spanish) is situated at the northern corner of the recreation center inverse to the lake. It was first initiated in 1881 without figures or any careful points of interest, and was subsequently reprimanded by the press, after which this triumphal curve was altogether corrected by the expansion of a wellspring and some minor characteristics, which required six long stretches of development from 1882 to 1888, and was thus put in plain view at the Universal Exhibition, and until now not been overhauled. It was raised by Josep Fontsére and to a little degree by Antoni Gaudí, who around then was as yet an obscure understudy of engineering. Fontsére meant to freely influence it to hold up under similarity to the Trevi Fountain of Rome. Two tremendous pliers of massive crabs fill in as stairs to get to a little platform situated in the focal point of the landmark. Before it a model (composed by Venanci Vallmitjana) of Venus remaining on an open shellfish was put. The entire course is separated in two levels. From the platform on a way prompts the Feminine Sculpture and toward the northeastern corner of the recreation center, and after the course down the stairs the wellspring's lake is adjusted and the southern tip of the curio is come to.

Zoo

The zoo of Barcelona is situated in the recreation center of the Ciutadella because of the accessibility of a couple of structures which were left vacant after the Universal Exposition of 1888. It was initiated in 1892, amid the day of the Mercé, the supporter holy person of the city. The primary creatures were given by Lluís Martí I Codolar to the district of Barcelona, which thankfully endorsed of their convenience in the zoo.

These days, with a standout amongst the most generous accumulations of creatures in Europe, the zoo certifies that their point is to ration, explore, and teach.

From 1966 to 2003 the zoo was home to the popular pale skinned person gorilla Snowflake, who pulled in numerous universal voyagers and local people.

Aside from the typical visits, distinctive kinds of guided visits or different exercises are offered, as for instance 20 sorts of diversionary workshops, outings and field trips for schoolchildren, or staff preparing and instructive courses in zoology for grown-ups. In excess of 50,000 youngsters visit the zoo on a yearly premise, which is the explanation behind the zoo's accentuation on training.

Gallery of Natural Science

The Museum of Natural Science, situated in the recreation center, contains a gallery of zoology and a historical center of geography.

The historical center of zoology was developed for the Exposición Universal de Barcelona (1888) by the planner Lluís Doménech I Montaner to fill in as a display. A large portion of the building is built of red block. The most famous showcases are the skeleton of a whale and displays committed for little youngsters. The organization's expressed points are to upgrade learning and protection of the normal decent variety of Catalonia and its environment, to advance government funded instruction on the common world, to transmit moral estimations of regard for nature, and to fortify educated level headed discussion on the issues and ecological issues that worry society. The historical center has changeless presentations regarding the matter of mineralogy, petrology and fossil science; the volcanic locale of Olot; minerals' mystery hues; the set of all animals; urban feathered creatures; and an apiary.

The exhibition hall of topography is an inheritance of the researcher Francisco Martorell I Peña (1822– 1878), who gave his entire gathering of ancient rarities of social and archeological significance, his logical library, and a measure of 125,000 pesetas to the city to create another historical center. The building, worked amid that year and named the Corporación Municipal, was composed by Antoni Rivas I Trias.

Als Voluntaris Catalans

The historical backdrop of a figure, a bronze naked of a young fellow with arms raised, goes back to 1918 when it was consented to erect a landmark to the Catalan volunteers murdered on the war zone under the Allied banners. The work was authorized to Josep Clarà and its execution can be followed in the minutes of the civil plenaries of the time. In 1923 the stone worker had effectively completed the landmark, however, the entry to the intensity of Primo de Rivera incapacitated the undertaking. The autocracy made difficult to praise any open demonstration of Catalan self-assurance, so the introduction must be put off for a long time. At first, it was considered to put the work in the Lesseps square between the road of the Bishop Morgadas and the one of Septimanía however, at last, it was situated in the recreation center of the Ciutadella where it has stayed until today.

The figure was subject of infringement amid the Franco administration. On the event of the Eucharistic Congress, in 1952, the landmark was covered up by a colossal screen. In December 1952 the statue's arms were cut off, so it was secured again with a case until its reclamation. In 1954 the metal arms were reestablished and the young fellow's private parts got covered up with a vine leaf. The individual notes of the record of Clarà permit to follow in detail the dismay of the stone worker about the treatment of his work.

On the 75th commemoration of its introduction, the disgraceful vine leaf has been expelled, accordingly recuperating the first bare that enables us to appreciate crafted by Clarà as it was etched, in another area on the shallow bank of the lake.

Transport

The Barcelona Metro and Trambesòs station Ciutadella-Vila Olímpica, on L4, is named after the recreation center and the adjacent zone Vila Olímpica. The passageway to the recreation center, be that as it may, is nearer to the metro and Rodalies Barcelona (passenger prepare organize) station Arc de Triomf. The city's focal transport station Estació del Nord is additionally close.